17세기 관료문인들의 ‘송도삼절’과 개성 이미지-최립의 문장ㆍ차천로의 시ㆍ한호의 글씨를 중심으로
- Alternative Title
- The 17th century Literary writers’ perception of ‘Songdo Samjeol’ and the Image of Songdo
- Abstract
- 한 지역이 지닌 문화 이미지는 시대와 지역, 향유층에 따라 세분되어 논의될 필요가 있다. 송도는 한양 천도 이후 지역의 위상과 지역민들의 성격에 따라 다양한 이미지로 형상화되었다. 15세기의 송도는 전 왕조의 수도로서 회고의 대상이었고, 16세기에는 ‘절의와 역사적 교훈의 고장’ 혹은 ‘풍류와 유흥의 공간’으로 다양하게 인식되었다. 조선시대 전 시기에 걸쳐 송도는 아름다운 자연과 유서 깊은 문화유산을 자랑하면서도, 한편으로 이 모두가 과거의 영광일 뿐인 쇠락한 지역에 불과한 곳이라는 이중적 이미지를 지녔다. 또한 상업으로 유명한 지역이었다.
17세기 들어와 ‘풍류’의 상징이었던 ‘황진이의 송도삼절’과는 전혀 다른 ‘송도삼절(松都三絶)’이 문단에 새롭게 등장했으니, 바로 ‘차천로의 시ㆍ최립의 문장ㆍ한호의 글씨’였다. 이는 송도 문인들의 뛰어난 ‘문예’를 자랑하는 것들로, 외교와 공무의 현장에서 활약하던 관료문인들 사이에서 통용된 정서이다. 불우한 처지에 있으면서도 자신의 재능을 발휘하여 국가를 빛냈으나 그에 합당한 자리에 오르지 못해 안타까움을 느끼게 하는 인물들에게, 한때 고려의 수도로 화려하게 번영하였으나 이제는 쇠락한 송도의 모습을 조응시킨 것이다. 이는 곧 뛰어난 재능을 알아보고 인정하여 역사에 불후의 이름을 남겨 주었다고 하는, 17세기 관료문인들의 문예에 대한 자의식과 자부심이 반영된 새로운 송도 이미지라 정리할 수 있다.
The cultural image of a region should be discussed through several categories: the time, the area, and people who enjoyed it. After the capital of Joseon was established at Han’yang, Songdo(the Gaeseong city today) came to harbor a variety of images and identities, as the status of the region and the nature of the residents continued to shift and evolve over time.
Songdo in the 15th century was the late capital of the vanished Goryeo dynasty, and was only remembered as such. Then in the 16th century it was newly perceived, sometimes as a region symbolizing loyalty and historical lessons, while sometimes as a place for elegant life and entertainment. Throughout the entirety of the Joseon period, Songdo continued to be perceived as a place that boasted beautiful nature and great historical vestiges, but it was also deemed as a place that no longer bore any social relevance and left only with remnants of past glory. Also, aside from such dual identity, the region was famous for its commercial activities as well.
Earlier in the Joseon society, there was the concept of “Songdo Samjeol,” which literally meant the “Three Excellent Things of Songdo” and referred to Seo Gyeong-deok, Hwang Jin-ih and the Pag’yeon Fall. The concept was heralded as a symbol to elegant life. Then coming into the 17th century, an entirely different kind of “Songdo Samjeol” surfaced within the literary community, counting “Cha Cheon-ro’s poems, Choi Rib’s writings, and Han Ho’s calligraphy” as the new three sights to see. This new version of the concept was a boast of the extraordinary talents of the Songdo region’s literary figures, and was widely acknowledged amongst literary writers in the field of diplomacy and public works.
This kind of notion, tied with the image of declining Songdo, resonated with people in handicapped conditions, who managed to serve the country with their talents but ended up feeling frustrated for never being properly rewarded. Such notion, based on the 17th century literary writers faith in literature and pride in their own works, eventually provided the Songdo region with another image: the home of superior talents, duly recognized and honored with eternal reputation.
- Author(s)
- 노경희
- Issued Date
- 2022
- Type
- Article
- Keyword
- 17세기; 송도삼절; 차천로; 최립; 한호; the 17th century; Songdo Samjeol(“Excellent Things of Songdo[=Gaeseong] to See”); Cha Cheon-ro; Choi Rib; Han Ho
- DOI
- 10.35865/YWH.2022.12.126.289
- URI
- https://oak.ulsan.ac.kr/handle/2021.oak/13354
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