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Twenty-Five Year Trend Change in the Etiology of Pediatric Invasive Bacterial Infections in Korea, 1996-2020

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Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has contributed to the change in the epidemiology of many infectious diseases. This study aimed to establish the pre-pandemic epidemiology of pediatric invasive bacterial infection (IBI).

Methods: A retrospective multicenter-based surveillance for pediatric IBIs has been maintained from 1996 to 2020 in Korea. IBIs caused by eight bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella species) in immunocompetent children > 3 months of age were collected at 29 centers. The annual trend in the proportion of IBIs by each pathogen was analyzed.

Results: A total of 2,195 episodes were identified during the 25-year period between 1996 and 2020. S. pneumoniae (42.4%), S. aureus (22.1%), and Salmonella species (21.0%) were common in children 3 to 59 months of age. In children ≥ 5 years of age, S. aureus (58.1%), followed by Salmonella species (14.8%) and S. pneumoniae (12.2%) were common. Excluding the year 2020, there was a trend toward a decrease in the relative proportions of S. pneumoniae (rs = -0.430, P = 0.036), H. influenzae (rs = -0.922, P < 0.001), while trend toward an increase in the relative proportion of S. aureus (rs = 0.850, P < 0.001), S. agalactiae (rs = 0.615, P = 0.001), and S. pyogenes (rs = 0.554, P = 0.005).

Conclusion: In the proportion of IBIs over a 24-year period between 1996 and 2019, we observed a decreasing trend for S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae and an increasing trend for S. aureus, S. agalactiae, and S. pyogenes in children > 3 months of age. These findings can be used as the baseline data to navigate the trend in the epidemiology of pediatric IBI in the post COVID-19 era.
Author(s)
Seung Ha SongHyunju LeeHoan Jong LeeEun Song SongJong Gyun AhnSu Eun ParkTaekjin LeeHye-Kyung ChoJina LeeYae-Jean KimDae Sun JoJong-Hyun KimHyun Mi KangJoon Kee LeeChun Soo KimDong Hyun KimHwang Min KimJae Hong ChoiByung Wook EunNam Hee KimEun Young ChoYun-Kyung KimChi Eun OhKyung-Hyo KimSang Hyuk MaHyun Joo JungKun Song LeeKwang Nam KimEun Hwa Choi
Issued Date
2023
Type
Article
Keyword
COVID-19ChildrenEpidemiologyInvasive Bacterial infections
DOI
10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e127
URI
https://oak.ulsan.ac.kr/handle/2021.oak/16465
Publisher
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
Language
영어
ISSN
1011-8934
Citation Volume
38
Citation Number
16
Citation Start Page
127
Citation End Page
136
Appears in Collections:
Medicine > Nursing
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