科學的 生産性에 影響을 미치는 要因에 관한 考察

Abstract

과학적 생산성은 학자, 학문 프로그램, 학문연구기관의 과학적 성과를 평가하기 위한 기준으로 사용되어 왔다. 많은 연구에서 지적되는 바와 같이 과학자들 사이에는 과학적 생산성의 수준에 있어서 커다란 차이가 있다. 이러한 차이를 설명하기 위하여는 과학자의 생산성에 영향을 주는 요인에 대한 체게적인 검토가 요구된다. 본 논문은 과학적 생산성을 설명하기 위한 이론적 논의로서 과학자 개인의 특성과 관련된 요인과 조직환경과 관련된 용인을 중심으로 과학자의 출판생산성에 촛점을 맞추어 과학자의 생산성에 영향을 미치는 요인을 검토하고자 한다.

Scientific productivity has been used as a criterion to assess the scientific merit of individual scholars, academic programs, and institutions. Studies consistently indicate that there exist enormous variations in scientists' levels of productivity. Explaining the wide range of variation in scientific productivity requires a systematic analysis of the factors which appear to influence the productivity of scientists. This paper discusses general theoretical considerations for explaining scientific productivity. Explanations of scientific productivity have been offered with two perspectives. These are whether the differences in the productivity that are found are attributable to initial differences in the individual background characteristics of scientists or to the organizational environment. Both perspectives have supported their positions with collections of empirical evidence. In this paper, my primary focus of concern is to identify factors explaining publication productivity of scientists. Therefore, other aspects of scientific productivity are not considered.

Scientific productivity has been used as a criterion to assess the scientific merit of individual scholars, academic programs, and institutions. Studies consistently indicate that there exist enormous variations in scientists' levels of productivity. Explaining the wide range of variation in scientific productivity requires a systematic analysis of the factors which appear to influence the productivity of scientists. This paper discusses general theoretical considerations for explaining scientific productivity. Explanations of scientific productivity have been offered with two perspectives. These are whether the differences in the productivity that are found are attributable to initial differences in the individual background characteristics of scientists or to the organizational environment. Both perspectives have supported their positions with collections of empirical evidence. In this paper, my primary focus of concern is to identify factors explaining publication productivity of scientists. Therefore, other aspects of scientific productivity are not considered.