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SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody and T Cell Response Kinetics According to Symptom Severity

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Abstract
Data on the longevity of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are limited. We evaluated the detailed kinetics of antibody and T-cell responses at the acute, convalescent, and post-convalescent phases in COVID-19 patients with a wide range of severity. We enrolled patients with COVID-19 prospectively from four hospitals and one community treatment center between February 2020 and January 2021. symptom severity was classified as mild, moderate, or severe/critical. Patient blood samples were collected at 1 week (acute), 1 month (convalescent), and 2 months after symptom onset (post-convalescent). Human SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies were measured using in-house-developed ELISA. The SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses against overlapping peptides of spike proteins and nucleoprotein were measured by interferon-g enzyme-linked immunospot assays. Twenty-five COVID-19 patients were analyzed (mild, n = 5; moderate, n = 9; severe/critical, n = 11). IgM and IgG antibody responses peaked at 1 month after symptom onset and decreased at 2 months. IgG response levels were significantly greater in the severe/critical group compared with other groups. Interferon-g-producing T-cell responses increased between 1 week and 1 month after symptom onset, and had a trend toward decreasing at 2 months, but did not show significant differences according to severity. Our data indicate that SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody responses were greater in those with severe symptoms and waned after reaching a peak around 1 month after symptom onset. However, SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses were not significantly different according to symptom severity, and decreased slowly during the post-convalescent phase.
Author(s)
권지수김민재김민철김백남김성한김지연배성만신의철이명진임준서정지원정진원차혜희
Issued Date
2021
Type
Article
Keyword
Acute DiseaseAdultAgedAntibodiesAntibodiesNeutralizing - bloodAntibodiesViral - immunologyConvalescenceCoronavirusesCOVID-19COVID-19 - bloodCOVID-19 - immunologyCOVID-19 - pathologyEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleHumansImmunoglobulin G - bloodImmunoglobulin M - bloodInterferon-gamma - analysisKineticsMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesSARS-CoV-2 - immunologySevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2Severity of Illness IndexT-Lymphocytes - immunology
DOI
10.4269/ajtmh.20-1594
URI
https://oak.ulsan.ac.kr/handle/2021.oak/8055
https://ulsan-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2543445989&context=PC&vid=ULSAN&lang=ko_KR&search_scope=default_scope&adaptor=primo_central_multiple_fe&tab=default_tab&query=any,contains,SARS-CoV-2-Specific%20Antibody%20and%20T%20Cell%20Response%20Kinetics%20According%20to%20Symptom%20Severity&offset=0&pcAvailability=true
Publisher
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
Location
미국
Language
한국어
ISSN
0002-9637
Citation Volume
105
Citation Number
2
Citation Start Page
395
Citation End Page
400
Appears in Collections:
Medicine > Medicine
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