Comparison of the Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Epiretinal Membrane in Pseudoexfoliation and Primary Open-angle Glaucoma

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the prevalence and clinical characteristics of epiretinal membrane (ERM) in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PXG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: In this retrospective observational study, 211 PXG eyes, 210 age-matched normal eyes, and 220 POAG eyes were included. The presence and staging of ERM (stage 1, 2, and 3 or greater) were independently assessed by 2 observers. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with visual field (VF) mean deviation (MD) in PXG eyes. Results: Among 211 PXG eyes, 40 (19.0%) had an ERM, while 4.1% of POAG and 2.4% of normal eyes had an ERM (P<0.001). Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (69.4 vs. 70.4 mu m, P=0.477) and VF MD (-7.7 vs. -10.4 dB, P=0.098) were not different between POAG and PXG eyes but macular thickness was greater (259.5 vs. 271.5 mu m, P=0.006) in PXG eyes than in POAG. Both lower retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (beta=0.337, P<0.001) and the presence of an ERM (beta=-4.246, P=0.002) were independently associated with worse VF MD in PXG eyes. Conclusions: The prevalence of ERM was significantly greater in PXG eyes than in age-matched normal or POAG eyes. The presence of ERM affected VF in PXG eyes.