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Efficient conversion of orbital Hall current to spin current for spin-orbit torque switching

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Abstract
Spin Hall effect, an electric generation of spin current, allows for efficient control of magnetization. Recent theory revealed that orbital Hall effect creates orbital current, which can be much larger than spin-Hall-induced spin current. However, orbital current cannot directly exert a torque on a ferromagnet, requiring a conversion process from orbital current to spin current. Here, we report two effective methods of the conversion through spin-orbit coupling engineering, which allows us to unambiguously demonstrate orbital-current-induced spin torque, or orbital Hall torque. We find that orbital Hall torque is greatly enhanced by introducing either a rare-earth ferromagnet Gd or a Pt interfacial layer with strong spin-orbit coupling in Cr/ferromagnet structures, indicating that the orbital current generated in Cr is efficiently converted into spin current in the Gd or Pt layer. Our results offer a pathway to utilize the orbital current to further enhance the magnetization switching efficiency in spin-orbit-torque-based spintronic devices.

Manipulation of the magnetization is of major importance in spintronics. The authors demonstrate that an electric field triggers a transverse flow of orbital moment: the so-called orbital Hall effect. This enables the efficient magnetization control, holding the promise for fast and miniaturized memories and sensors.
Author(s)
이수길강민구고동욱김도형강준호이택현이근희강지민이년종김상훈Yuriy Mokriousov김갑진이경진박병국
Issued Date
2021
Type
Article
Keyword
ConversionElectric currentsElectric fieldsElectromagnetismFerromagnetismGadoliniumHall effectMagnetismMagnetizationRare earth elementsSpin-orbit interactionsSpintronicsSwitchingTorque
DOI
10.1038/s42005-021-00737-7
URI
https://oak.ulsan.ac.kr/handle/2021.oak/9551
https://ulsan-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=TN_cdi_doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_6e8bb6ab9a794e02ae7f9a41e253981c&context=PC&vid=ULSAN&lang=ko_KR&search_scope=default_scope&adaptor=primo_central_multiple_fe&tab=default_tab&query=any,contains,Efficient%20conversion%20of%20orbital%20Hall%20current%20to%20spin%20current%20for%20spin-orbit%20torque%20switching&offset=0&pcAvailability=true
Publisher
communications physics
Location
독일
Language
영어
ISSN
2399-3650
Citation Volume
4
Citation Number
1
Citation Start Page
234
Citation End Page
234
Appears in Collections:
Natural Science > Physics
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